Inflation was largely an afterthought for many years. The dollar experienced an average inflation rate of 2.1% per year between 2000 and 2020. During that period, retirees rarely had to worry about inflation eroding their purchasing power. That changed during the COVID-era inflation surge, when inflation averaged 4.7% in 2021 and 8.0% in 2022, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
While inflation has moderated from its recent highs, the experience served as an important reminder that rising prices can present a significant risk for retirees. Unlike those still in the workforce, retirees generally cannot rely on salary increases to offset higher costs. Instead, retirement income and investment portfolios must support spending needs over what may be a retirement lasting 20, 30, or even 40 years.

